The graphic illustrates the flow path of a batch membrane filtration plant
configuration in tubular membrane format. The batch tank is first filled with
feed product. The product is picked up by a feed pump and transferred from the
batch tank into a series of membrane modules. Permeate is withdrawn from the
module while simultaneously retentate exits the opposite end of the module in a
more concentrated state and proceeds to the next module in series where more
permeate is removed. This progresses within certain flow and/or pressure-drop
constraints until the retentate exits the last module and is directed back to
the batch tank. This cycle continues and, as permeate is continuously
withdrawn, the batch tank volume gradually diminishes to some viscosity limited
end point.