The GEA Niro Spray Drying Absorption (SDA) process has been installed at more than 100 locations, primarily at coal-fired power generating stations and at waste incinerators.
THE HISTORY OF SPRAY DRYING ABSORPTION
More than 25 years ago GEA Niro developed spray drying for the absorption of acid gases present in combustion gases for better air pollution control. The technology has, since the early 1980s, found widespread application in North America and Europe; the process found a strong foothold in the Far East during the 1990s.
The SDA process has developed into a mature and highly versatile technology, which is applied at combustion plants ranging from small household waste incinerators to large coal-fired boilers. The process has also been applied to flue gas cleaning at industrial plants. This cleaning is often combined with treatment of effluent or other waste streams.
FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION
Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) uses our SDA process. Flue Gas Desulphurisation is applied to more than 50 coal and oil-fired boilers and power generating stations worldwide. These FGD plants are built in cooperation with international or local companies. We also work in joint ventures, as a sub-supplier, or via licensing of the GEA Niro SDA technology to our business partners. We supply technical support and essential components to our business partners and licensees.
FGD plants at coal-fired power generating stations using our SDA technology may be installed directly following the air pre-heater, which allows the SDA system, consisting of one or more spray dryer absorber modules and downstream particulate collectors, to remove flue gas, fly ash and sulphur dioxide. A fly ash pre-collector can be installed in places where it is desired to separate the fly ash and the scrubber end-product into separate end uses.
The SDA process uses less water than some other FGD processes, and the process is flexible enough to be applied to many types of wastewater. Treated sewage water, cooling tower blow-down or other wastewaters can be used in the SDA plants. Even seawater may be used as process water.
FLUE GAS CLEANING
Flue Gas Cleaning (FGC) at Waste Incineration Plants using our SDA process is installed at more than 100 waste incineration lines worldwide. The majority of these incinerators are used for Municipal Solids Waste - MSW, but the technology has also been successfully applied to many incinerators for hazardous chemical waste and several other industrial applications. For Flue Gas Cleaning waste incineration plants, we provide technology directly to the end user, although many plants are commissioned with ourselves as a supplier of know-how with key components delivered by an international or local supplier.
Flue Gas Cleaning plants at waste incinerators which apply the SDA process, are most often designed to control the stack emissions of a multitude of harmful components, such as:
- hydrogen chloride
- sulfur dioxide
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- hydrogen fluoride
- fly ash dioxins
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- mercury
- other heavy metals
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